Coronary heart disease (CHD) claims more than twice as many lives as breast cancer, according to the British Heart Foundation. Despite this, many women remain unaware of their risks and the steps they can take to protect their health.
Dr Gosia Wamil, Consultant Cardiologist at Mayo Clinic Healthcare in London says, “Women are underdiagnosed, undertreated and underrepresented in research, despite facing a high burden of heart disease. This lack of tailored management contributes to their higher death rates compared to men. At Mayo Clinic Healthcare, we prioritise raising awareness and recognising each woman's unique risk factors to ensure they receive the care they need.”
Hidden clues
CHD often goes unnoticed in women because their symptoms can differ significantly from those experienced by men, Dr Wamil says. Women might experience discomfort in areas like the neck, arm, back or jaw as well as symptoms such as shortness of breath or unexplained fatigue. Some symptoms may not immediately suggest a heart issue.
“While men typically suffer from chest pain during a heart attack, women often face more subtle, less recognised signs,” says Dr Wamil. “Although chest pain occurs in women, it may present as pressure, tightness or squeezing rather than a sharp, consistent pain.”
Tailoring prevention by age group
The good news is that while certain risk factors like age and family history are beyond our control, changes to our lifestyle can reduce the risk of developing or exacerbating CHD.
“Understanding how coronary heart disease affects women at every life stage is essential in addressing this silent killer,” says Dr Wamil. “Prevention strategies can vary depending on the stage of life you are in, but there are key steps that every woman can take to protect their heart health.”
Women in their 20s and 30s (pre-menopause)
In your 20s and 30s, building heart-health habits early is key. Women in this age group should focus on the following:
- Avoid or quit smoking.
- Staying or becoming active.
- Maintaining or starting a balanced diet.
Dr Wamil suggests at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise each week, incorporating activities like dancing, swimming, jogging or brisk walking.
Women in their 40s and 50s (peri-menopause)
As women approach their 40s and 50s, particularly nearing menopause, low levels of estrogen increase the risk of developing diseases in small blood vessels.
The heart health habits to follow include:
- Know your numbers. Monitor your blood pressure, cholesterol and glucose levels with annual health checks.
- Eat a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and healthy fats.
- Manage stress. Try mindful techniques like yoga or meditation.
Women over 60 (post-menopause)
By your 60s and beyond, CHD risk becomes more pronounced, making managing your risk even more important.
Women in this age group should manage their risk by:
- Regular physical activity. 150 minutes per week is just 30 minutes per day.
- Follow a mediterranean-style diet with plant-based foods, lean proteins and healthy fats.
- Stay in touch with your doctor through regular check-ups.
Get peace of mind
If you are worried about your heart health, see a leading cardiologist without delay. Mayo Clinic Healthcare in London houses a highly experienced team of cardiologists who have written international treatment guidelines for certain cardiac conditions. The team tailors care to your needs while working closely with Mayo Clinic's top-ranked team of specialists in the United States.
Contact us today for world-class care focused on you.